Section 3.2: Exponential, Gamma, and Chi-Square

Waiting times, the gamma function, and related distributions

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From Discrete to Continuous Waiting Times

The Poisson-Exponential Connection

In Chapter 2, you learned the Poisson distribution counts events in a time interval. Now we ask a different question:

How long do we wait between events?

Two Sides of the Same Coin

Poisson (Counting)

A store gets 3 customers/hour

X = # customers in 1 hour

X ~ Poisson(λ = 3)

Exponential (Waiting)

How long until the next customer?

T = time between arrivals

T ~ Exp(θ = 1/3 hour)

Key Insight: The exponential distribution is the continuous analog of the geometric distribution — both model "waiting until the first success." Geometric counts trials, exponential measures time.